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Lugano Convention or PILA: which Law applies to international disputes?

Anyone who enters into a contract with a party domiciled abroad, seeks to enforce a claim, or wishes to enforce a foreign judgment in Switzerland will quickly encounter two sets of rules: the Lugano Convention (LugÜ) and the Swiss Federal Act on Private International Law (PILA). Both sets of rules address similar questions, but they must be clearly distinguished from one another. Which set of rules applies depends on the specific question at issue and the foreign state with which the matter is connected.
Artificial intelligence assists businesses with tasks such as drafting texts, analysing facts, performing calculations, preparing documents and developing software. Incorporating incorrect outputs into work delivered to customers can cause substantial damage. Liability depends in particular on the contractual relationship, the scope of the obligations and the duties of care applicable to the use of AI.
In Switzerland, there is no single, uniform residence permit; rather, there are a number of different permits, each with its own legal basis, period of validity and legal effects. Third-country nationals, i.e. nationals of countries outside the EU/EFTA, who wish to live and work in Switzerland face significantly higher hurdles than citizens of EU/EFTA Member States, who benefit, for example, from facilitated access under the Agreement on the Free Movement of Persons. Since the relevant permits are always issued for a limited period, the question of whether and under what conditions a permit can be renewed inevitably arises.

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Lugano Convention or PILA: which Law applies to international disputes?

Who Is Liable for Incorrect AI Outputs?

Renewal of Residence and Cross-Border Commuter Permits for Third-Country Nationals